A study on incidence of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with pancytopenia

G. Sathish Kumar; Swetha .; V. Rajendran

doi:10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20194140

Authors

G. Sathish Kumar Department of General Medicine, KAP Viswanatham Government Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
Swetha . Department of General Medicine, KAP Viswanatham Government Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
V. Rajendran Department of General Medicine, KAP Viswanatham Government Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20194140

Keywords:

Pancytopenia, Reticulocyte percentage, Vitamin B12 deficiency

Abstract

Background: Pancytopenia is a serious and life threatening illness presented with multiple etiologies. The current study was done with the objective to evaluate the clinic-pathological factors responsible for incidence of pancytopenia in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and their response to the therapy with vitamin B12.

Methods: It was an observational study carried out at Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Government Hospital, Trichy, Tamilnadu during the period between December 2016 to December 2017. A total 50 patients with pancytopenia were clinically evaluated along with hematological parameters and bone marrow aspiration.

Results: A total of 50 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 32.84 years with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. All patients had history of fatigability. Commonest physical presentation was pallor (100%). Megaloblastic anaemia was the predominant blood picture in 58% patients. The common bone marrow finding was hyper cellular marrow with megaloblastic picture. Management with cyanocobalamin preparations and folate supplementations, significantly improved the reticulocyte count percentage in patients with pancytopenia (p=0.01)

Conclusion: The study concluded that the most common cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anaemia. Detailed haematological investigations along with bone marrow aspiration in patients with cytopenia provided a clear understanding of disease process to identify the etiologies of pancytopenia.

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