Clinical profile of malaria and HIV co-infection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20202538Keywords:
CD4 cell, Human immunodeficiency virus, MalariaAbstract
Background: Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two common disease in India. Therefore we undertaken this study and compare the incidence clinical feature and outcome of concurrent infection of malaria and HIV infection.
Methods: All the patients of fever within 7days duration were investigated for malaria, HIV and other cause of fever. Patients of concurrent HIV and malaria (Group A) were compare with HIV mono-infection (Group-B) and malaria mono-infection (Group C). Biochemical and hematological investigation were done and compared.
Results: During the study period 340 patients of malaria were admitted concurrent infection HIV and malaria was found in 52 (15.29%). There were 52 (15.29), 120 (21.7%) and 340 (72.5%) in Group A, B and C respectively. The clinical feature of concurrent infection were more like HIV than malaria. Unlike malaria the outcome of concurrent infection are not good.
Conclusions: The study suggested that Malaria and HIV co-infection are uncommon disease. For the diagnosis investigations for both the infections should be carried out routinely.
References
WHO World Malaria report 2018. WHO Press Geneva, Switzerland. 2018:1-210.
Global HIV and AIDS status fact sheets, 2019. Available at: https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet. Accessed 29 January 2020.
New Perspectives Malaria Diagnosis, Report of Joint WHO/US AID Informal Consultation 25-27 October. 1999:1-29.
NACO Guide line year 2018. Available at: http://naco.gov.in/documents/policy-guidelines Accessed 3 April 2020.
National Drug Policy for Malaria 2013.National Vector Born Disease Control Programme of Health Service. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Government of India, 2013. Available at: http;//nvbdcp.gov.in/Doc/National-Drug-Policy-2013.pdf, Accessed 7 March 2014.
Mbole FG, Tufon KA, Meriki DH, Orock GE, Mbole PM, Njunda LA, et al. Malaria and Human defficiency Virus Coinfection in Febrile Patients Attending the Regional Hospital of Buea. Southwest Region, Cameroon. IJAMHR. 2019;6(2):46.
Tay SC, Badu K, Mensah AA, Gbedema SY. The prevalence of malaria among HIV seropositive individuals and the impact of the co-infection on their hemoglobin levels. Ann Clini Microbiol Antimicrob. 2015 Dec;14(1):10.
Grimwade K, French N, Mbatha DD, Zungu DD, Dedicoat M, Gilks CF. HIV infection as a cofactor for severe falciparum malaria in adults living in a region of unstable malaria transmission in South Africa. Aids. 2004 Feb 20;18(3):547-54.
Chandramohan D, Greenwood BM. Is there an interaction between human immunodeficiency virus and Plasmodium falciparum?. Int J Epidemiol. 1998 Apr 1;27(2):296-301.
Mohapatra PK, Pachuau E, Kumar C, Borkakoty B, Zomawia E, Singh A, et al. Subbarao, HIV-malaria interactions North-East India A prospective cohort study. Indian J Med Res. 2017 Mar;145(3):387-94.
Sanyaolu AO, Fagbenro-Beyioku AF, Oyibo WA, Badaru OS, Onyeabor OS, Nnaemeka CI. Malaria and HIV co-infection and their effect on haemoglobin levels from three healthcare institutions in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. African Health Sci. 2013;13(2):295-300.
Cohen C, Karstaedt A, Frean J, Thomas J, Govender N, Prentce E, et al. Increased Prevelence of Malaria in HIV-Infected Adults in South Africa. Clini Infect Dis. 2005;41(11):1631-7.
Wondimeneh Y, Ferede G, Atnafu A, Muluye D. HIV-Malaria Co-infection and their immunohematological profiles. Eur J Exp Biol. 2013;3(1):497-502.
Khasnis AA, Karnad DR. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in patients with severe falciparum malaria in urban India. JPGM. 2003;49(2):114-7.