Diabetic CAD versus non diabetic CAD: a comparative study of clinical features, risk factors and angiographic profile

Authors

  • Pradeep Sareddy Department of Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
  • Hetal B. Pandya Department of Medicine, Dr. N. D. Desai Facultyof Medical Science and Research, Dharamsinh Desai University, Nadiyad, Gujarat, India
  • Rajesh S. Sumple Department of Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
  • Jitendra D. Lakhani Department of Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20212403

Keywords:

Coronary artery disease, Coronary Angiography, Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Current study was conducted to compare clinical, risk factor profile and angiographic features of diabetic and non diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods: This case control study was carried out in 142 patients, who had angiographically proven CAD. 71 patients with diabetes or newly detected with diabetes constituted the cases and remaining controls. Necessary data was collected. Standard statistical analytics were used and risk factor and investigatory profile, including ECG, 2D ECHO and coronary angiography were compared between diabetic and non diabetic CAD patients.

Results: Mean age of occurrence of CAD was 52.15+6.81, with no significant difference in mean age among groups. Higher prevalence of CAD was seen in female diabetics. Hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obesity and smoking were found as major risk factors of CAD. Atypical chest pain and silent ischemia were most common among diabetic CAD. Multiple vessel involvement (47.9% vs. 18.3%, p <0.01) is more common in diabetics. Prolonged duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control were associated with more severe and extensive form of CAD (p<0.05) and the treatment outcome in the form of CABG (p<0.01).

Conclusions: Diabetic CAD patients were more likely to have severe, extensive coronary artery involvement. Significant number of diabetics had asymptomatic ischemia, with normal ECG and 2D echo, emphasizing the need of extensive cardiac evaluation at an early stage. Hypertension, dyslipidaemia, female gender along with uncontrolled and prolonged duration of diabetes, caused more critical form of CAD and poor treatment outcomes in the form of CABG.

Author Biographies

Pradeep Sareddy, Department of Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

SENIOR RESIDENT,

DEPT OF GENERAL MEDICINE,

SBKSMIRC

Hetal B. Pandya, Department of Medicine, Dr. N. D. Desai Facultyof Medical Science and Research, Dharamsinh Desai University, Nadiyad, Gujarat, India

PROFESSOR AND HEAD

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL MEDICINE,

Dr N D Desai Facultyof medical science and research

Rajesh S. Sumple, Department of Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR,

DEPT OF GENERAL MEDICINE,

SBKSMIRC

Jitendra D. Lakhani, Department of Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

PROFESSOR,

DEPT OF GENERAL MEDICINE,

SBKSMIRC

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Published

2021-06-23

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Original Research Articles