Radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients and correlation of chest CT severity index with different clinical forms of disease in SKIMS medical college and hospital Kashmir, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20212754Keywords:
COVID-19, CT score index, Ground glass opacity, Consolidation, Peripheral and central distributionAbstract
Background: The objective of this paper was to study the radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients and to establish a possible correlation of chest CT severity index (CTSI) with different clinical forms of disease.
Methods: All the patients who routinely underwent non contrast CT chest and tested positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR of respiratory secretion obtained by broncho alveolar lavage and nasopharyngeal swab test had been included in the given study. The collected data was analyzed to find a possible correlation of chest CTSI with different clinical forms of disease.
Results: COVID-19 patients reflected some interesting radiological features like ground glass opacity (GGO) in (90.1%) followed by consolidation in (70.4%) patients. However, (67.6%) patients reflected both GGO and consolidation features. Peripheral distribution was most common in patients accounting for (90.1%) versus (60.6%) with central distribution but (60.6%) had both peripheral and central distribution. We observed that there is significant correlation (p value <0.001) between severity of disease as per oxygen saturation level and severity of disease on the basis of CTSI.
Conclusions: We concluded that COVID-19 pneumonia patients significantly exhibit some radiological features that include GGO and consolidation with peripheral and central distribution. Therefore in addition to other clinical parameters CT severity score can be treated as a reliable diagnostic tool to determine the severity status of disease.
References
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X , Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
Lee N, Hui D, Wu A, Chan P, Cameron P, Joynt GM, et al. A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(20):1986-94.
Assiri A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Rabeeah AA, Al-Rabiah FA, Al-Hanjar S, Al-Bararak A, et al. Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13(9):752-61.
Koo HJ, Lim S, Choe J, Choe HS, Sung H, Do KH. Radiographic and CT features of viral pneumonia. Radiographics. 2018;38(3):719-39.
Pan Y, Guan H. Imaging changes in patients with 2019-nCov. Eur Radiol. 2020;30(7):3612-3.
Lei J, Li J, Li X, Qi X. CT imaging of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia. Radiology. 2020;295(1):18.
General Office of National Health Commission. the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumonia Infected by Novel Coronavirus (7th Trial Edition). Available at: http://en.nhc.gov.cn/2020-03/29/c_7846.htm. Accessed on 20 January 2021.
Farghaly S, Makboul M. Correlation between age, sex, and severity of Coronavirus disease-19 based on chest computed tomography severity scoring system. Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med. 2021;52:23.
Magfira N, Helda H. Correlation between adult tobacco smoking prevalence and mortality of coronavirus disease-19 across the world. Acta Med Indones. 2020;52(4):318-25.
Gülsen A, Yigitbas BA, Uslu B, Drömann D, Kilinc O. The effect of smoking on COVID-19 symptom severity: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pulm Med. 2020;2020:7590207.
Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1708-20.
Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-13.
Jiang F Deng L, Zhang L, Cal Y, Cheung, CW, Xia Z. Review of the clinical characteristics of COVID-19. J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35:1545-9.
Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Zhang J, Wang B, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061-9.
Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KG, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020;368:606.
Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Jian X, Xing Z, Sha X, et al. Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(7):934-43.
Pan L, Mu M, Yang P, Sun YU, Runsheng MS, Yan J, et al. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020;115(5):766-73.
Killerby ME, Link-Gelles R, Haight SC, Schrodt CA, England L, Gomes DJ, et al. Characteristics associated with hospitalization among patients with COVID-19-Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, March-April 2020. MMWR. 2020;69:790-4.
Tenforde MW, Rose EB, Lindsell CJ, Nathn IS, Files DC, Gibbs KW, et al. Characteristics of adult outpatients and inpatients with COVID-19-11 academic medical centers, United States, March-May 2020. MMWR. 2020;69:841-6.
Ding X, Xu J, Zhou J, Long Q. Chest CT Chest CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia by the duration of symptoms. Eur J Radiol. 2020;127:109009.
Li K , Fang Y, Li W, Pan C, Qin P, Zhong Y, et al. CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Eur Radiol. 2020;30(8):4407-16.
Omar S, Motawea AM, Yasin R. High-resolution CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia in confirmed cases. Egyptian J Radiol Nucl Med. 2020;51(1):121.
Yang R, Li X, Liu H, Zhen Y, Zhang X, Xiong Q, et al. Chest CT severity score: an imaging tool for assessing severe COVID-19. Radiol Cardiothorac Imag. 2020;2(2).
Borghesi A, Maroldi R. COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: experimental chest X-ray scoring system for quantifying and monitoring disease progression. Radiol Med. 2020;125(5):509-13.
Zheng Q, Lu Y, Lure F, Jaeger S, Lu P. Clinical and radiological features of novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Xray Sci Technol. 2020;28(3):391-404.
Zhang H, Ma S, Han T, et al. Association of smoking history with severe and critical outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Integr Med. 2021;43:101313.
