Vitamin D supplementation to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: a scoping review

Yolanda Kadir; Povi P. Indarta

doi:10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20250384

Authors

Yolanda Kadir Department of Emergency, Charitas Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Povi P. Indarta Department of Pulmonology, Charitas Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20250384

Keywords:

COPD, Exacerbation, Vitamin D

Abstract

Acute exacerbations are prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Deficiency of vitamin D, a nutrient well-known for its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, is relatively common in patients with COPD. Yet, researches on the role of vitamin D in the management of COPD exacerbations have yielded conflicting results. This systematic review aims to thoroughly investigate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reducing COPD exacerbations. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to 14 March 2024. All clinical trials comparing the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo that reported incidence of acute exacerbations as their primary or secondary endpoints were included. Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1,254 COPD patients were included in the analysis. Study durations ranged from 6 months to 3.3 years. The dosage regimen of vitamin D supplementation varied widely, from 1,200 IU daily to 100,000 IU monthly. Five studies reported significant reduction in COPD exacerbations (p<0.05), with two of them noting significant reductions only in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency. Three studies found no significant difference in exacerbation rate. Vitamin D supplementation generally reduced COPD exacerbation rate, particularly in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency. Further clinical studies are required to determine the optimal and safe dosage regimen for this special population.

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References

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