Role of magnesium supplementation on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20251934Keywords:
Magnesium, HbA1c, Glycaemic control, Type II diabetesAbstract
Background: Magnesium is a crucial cofactor in various enzymatic processes involved in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Magnesium supplementation improves insulin signalling pathways, reduces oxidative stress, and enhances glycaemic control. This study aimed to assess the role of magnesium in improving glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This study was a prospective, interventional, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted at a tertiary care centre in Mumbai. 100 patients aged 18 to 80 years, diagnosed with T2DM and with HbA1c levels between 6.5%-8%, were randomized into two groups: the intervention group receiving magnesium supplementation with standard of care and the placebo group receiving standard of care alone. HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and postprandial blood glucose levels were measured at baseline and after three months.
Results: The study included 100 participants, 50 (Intervention Group) and 50 (Control Group) with an average age of 57 years. After three months, the intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c (p<0.0001), fasting blood sugar (p<0.0001), and postprandial blood sugar (p<0.0001), with percentage decreases of 9.85%, 19.11%, and 26.55%, respectively. In the placebo group, there was a significant increase in HbA1c (7.09%) and postprandial blood sugar (12.38%) levels after three months.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate that magnesium supplementation significantly improves glycemic control, with reductions in HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, and postprandial blood sugar in the intervention group. In contrast, the placebo group showed no significant improvement in fasting blood sugar and an increase in HbA1c. These findings suggest that magnesium supplementation may play a valuable role in managing glycemic variability in diabetic patients and support its inclusion as part of diabetes treatment to stabilize glucose levels and reduce long-term complications.
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References
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