Assessment of anti-malarial drug prescribing pattern in pediatric and adult malaria patients in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India

Sangeeta De; Pragnadyuti Mandal; Dipak K. Sarkar; Indranil Biswas; Arijit Kayal; Arunansu Talukdar; Kalyanbrata Mandal

doi:10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20193279

Authors

Sangeeta De Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Pragnadyuti Mandal Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Dipak K. Sarkar Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Indranil Biswas Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Arijit Kayal Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Arunansu Talukdar Department of Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Kalyanbrata Mandal Department of Pediatric Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20193279

Keywords:

Anti-malarial drugs, Drug use survey, Prescribing indicators

Abstract

Background: Kolkata, one of the major metropolitan cities of India, is also the capital of the state West Bengal, contributes largest number of malaria cases reported from West Bengal. The present study was undertaken to assess the anti-malarial prescribing pattern in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kolkata.

Methods: This was an observational, prospective, cross-sectional study for a period of one year (from March 2017 to February 2018) in which prescriptions of diagnosed pediatric and adult malaria patients were scanned and reviewed for anti-malarial use pattern. Core drug use indicators were also analyzed to assess the rational prescribing pattern.

Results: During one-year study period, 122 adult and 24 child malaria patient encounters were screened. Among adult patients, 48(39.3%) patients had P. falciparum and 74(60.7%) patients had P. vivax malaria; in children, 9(37.5%) patients had P. falciparum and 15(62.5%) patients had P. vivax malaria. All adult and pediatric P. vivax malaria patients were treated with chloroquine. Artemisinin derivatives were prescribed to 91.67% of adult and 88.88% of pediatric falciparum malaria patients, 77.09% of adults and 66.67% of children received ACT. Artemether- lumefantrine was the most commonly prescribed ACT (33.34% in adults and 55.56% in children). Prescriptions were usually in generic name and from National EDL. Percentage of encounters with antibiotics was high in both age group but percentage of encounters with injections was low in adults and children.

Conclusion: Chloroquine was used rationally for treatment of P. vivax malaria patients. Artemether-lumefantrine was the most common ACT used for treatment of P.falciparum malaria cases though the National guideline for treatment of malaria does not recommend Artemether-lumefantrine for this state and region for treatment of falciprum cases.

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